Monday, May 19, 2014

  1.  

    "To the youth of today, I also have a wish to make: be the scriptwriters of your destiny and feature yourselves as stars that showed the way towards a brighter future." ~ Nelson Mandela during a birthday celebration for the Nelson Mandela Children’s Fund, French International School, Johannesburg, South Africa, 9 July 2008
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  2.  

    http://myp3indigenous.wikispaces.com/

    http://www.westga.edu/~gvanvale/map_of_indigenous_people.htm
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  3.  

    http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2013/08/12/40-maps-that-explain-the-world/
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  4.  

    http://memolition.com/2013/05/08/20-most-amazing-and-unbelievable-places-on-the-world-20-pictures/
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  5.  


    2020

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Jump to: navigation, search

    This article is about the year 2020. For the cricket format, see Twenty20. For other uses, see 2020 (disambiguation).
    Millennium:3rd millennium
    Centuries:20th century – 21st century –22nd century
    Decades:1990s  2000s  2010s  – 2020s –  2030s  2040s  2050s
    Years:2017 2018 2019 – 2020 –2021 2022 2023
    2020 by topic:
    News by month
    Jan – Feb – Mar – Apr –May – Jun
    Jul – Aug – Sep – Oct –Nov – Dec
    Arts
    Architecture – Art –Comics – Film – Home video – Literature (Poetry) – Music (Country, Metal,UK) – Radio – Television –Video gaming
    Politics
    Elections – Int'l leaders –Politics – State leaders –Sovereign states
    Science and technology
    Archaeology – Aviation –Birding/Ornithology –Meteorology –Palaeontology – Rail transport – Science –Spaceflight
    Sports
    Sport – Athletics (Track and Field) – Australian Football League –Baseball – Basketball –Football (soccer) – Cricket– Ice Hockey – Motorsport– Tennis – Rugby league
    By place
    Algeria – Argentina –Australia – Bangladesh -Belgium - Brazil – Canada– People's Republic of China – Denmark – El Salvador – Egypt –European Union – France– Georgia – Germany –Ghana – Hungary – India –Iraq – Iran – Ireland –Israel – Italy – Japan –Kenya – Lithuania –Luxembourg – Malaysia –Mexico – New Zealand –Norway – Pakistan –Palestinian territories –Philippines – Poland –Romania – Russia –Serbia – Singapore –South Africa – South Korea – Spain – Sri Lanka– United Arab Emirates –United Kingdom – United States
    Other topics
    Awards – Law – Religious leaders
    Birth and death categories
    Births – Deaths
    Establishments and disestablishments categories
    Establishments –Disestablishments
    Works and introductions categories
    Works – Introductions
    Works entering the public domain
    2020 in other calendars
    Gregorian calendar2020
    MMXX
    Ab urbe condita2773
    Armenian calendar1469
    ԹՎ ՌՆԿԹ
    Assyrian calendar6770
    Bahá'í calendar176–177
    Bengali calendar1427
    Berber calendar2970
    British Regnal yearN/A
    Buddhist calendar2564
    Burmese calendar1382
    Byzantine calendar7528–7529
    Chinese calendar己亥年 (Earth Pig)
    4716 or 4656
        — to —
    庚子年 (Metal Rat)
    4717 or 4657
    Coptic calendar1736–1737
    Ethiopian calendar2012–2013
    Hebrew calendar5780–5781
    Hindu calendars
     - Vikram Samvat2076–2077
     - Shaka Samvat1942–1943
     - Kali Yuga5121–5122
    Holocene calendar12020
    Igbo calendar1020–1021
    Iranian calendar1398–1399
    Islamic calendar1441–1442
    Japanese calendarHeisei 32
    (平成３２年)
    Juche calendar109
    Julian calendarGregorian minus 13 days
    Korean calendar4353
    Minguo calendarROC 109
    民國109年
    Thai solar calendar2563
    Unix time1577836800–1609459199
    This box:
    Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 2020

    2020 (MMXX) will be a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar, the 2020th year of the Common Era (CE) andAnno Domini (AD) designations, the 20th year of the 3rd millennium , 20th year of the21st century, and 1st year of the 2020s decade. The year 2020 will be the first year since 2012 where at least two digits are the same.

    Predicted and scheduled events[edit source | editbeta]

    July[edit source | editbeta]

    Date unknown[edit source | editbeta]

    In fiction[edit source | editbeta]

    Comics[edit source | editbeta]

    Novels[edit source | editbeta]

    Computer and video games[edit source | editbeta]

    Other games[edit source | editbeta]

    Film[edit source | editbeta]

    Television[edit source | editbeta]

    Music[edit source | editbeta]



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    I regularly participate in each of the world’s major film markets.  These include the American Film Market (AFM), Berlin’s EFM (European Film Market), The Festival de Cannes Marché du Film and Toronto’s International Film Festival market.  After years of attendance, one naturally develops a keen, even powerful awareness of what sales agents, investors and financiers ultimately seek; especially when they consider aligning their resources with any independent film in development or pre-production.  My team has come to see it as nothing less than a desire for the perfect opportunity… It’s an opportunity that represents the kind of indie film where literally all the stars are aligned; and yet, there’s nothing magical about such an alignment.  There actually exist determinable empirical elements that come into play – elements shared in common among history’s most successful movies. (Note: This article is addressing independent films with budgets that range from $2 million to $30 million, and sometimes even more.)
    pitch-perfect-poster06
    Pitch Perfect, an independent film
    released in the Fall of 2012, was produced on a $17 million budget and thus far has generated $115.2 million in worldwide box office gross, and an additional $55.2 million in domestic DVD sales.
    (Source: http://www.the-numbers.com)
    No doubt, a film investment can be among the riskier speculations to embark upon; and yet, if pursued with an intelligent strategy, such an investment can generate the highest kinds of returns imaginable for any portfolio.  The record of successful motion pictures is replete with those films that have generated revenues soaring into returns that are in the hundreds, and even thousands of percent.  And, when one looks carefully at these blockbuster movies, such positive financial performance is also often aligned with certain factors.  Successful motion picture investment is not always the result of random chance.  Selecting the right film(s) for investment does not have to be analogous to playing the lottery.
    Although there is no way to ever guarantee the success of any speculative endeavor  - when it comes to independent film production there are in fact factors shared in common with the most successful movies of all time.  These are elements that – as a collective – are consistently not present in those motion pictures with mediocre or poor performance.
    So, when evaluating the viability of an independent film investment, consider the following criteria. An adherence to the factors on this list will serve to substantially mitigate risk when choosing a motion picture investment.
    12 CRITICAL ELEMENTS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO A PERFECT MOTION PICTURE INVESTMENT
    1. An internationally “bankable” cast, attached or attachable through prior strong relationships with one or more of the largest talent agencies, e.g., CAA, WME, etc.
    2. A veteran above-the-line production team with a successful motion picture track record, combined with an experienced multiple, award-winning director with at least a dozen international and national recognitions to his credit, or a director with a substantial successful track record. A strong producer and/or line producer must also be part of the team, and have fully developed an accurate, line-itemed production budget with a top sheet that makes sense.  Finally, and this is critical:  The production team, and especially the director, must be passionate (almost to an obsessive level) about the project.  Only align with a team that is 100% committed to creating the absolute best film possible. The team has to believe that the film MUST be made, distributed and seen. They should burn with a desire for audiences around the world to view their film projected in thousands of theaters.   Without that kind of dedication the investment is always at risk.
    3. One of the world’s best cinematographers attached, who has lensed movies that have generated billions in domestic revenue alone.  Remember, it’s the cinematographer who brings in the production and lighting crew that supports the look of the film.
    4. A soundtrack created by a Grammy Award winning and/or internationally recognized music artist(s) with multiple platinum album sales; or a soundtrack created by a composer/arranger experienced in writing music for successful motion pictures.
    5. Screenplay written by a world-class scenarist recognized by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, and a Nicholls Fellowship award winner or finalist, ranking the writer in at least the top 5% of screenwriters in the industry.
    6. Subject matter that transcends borders and language –  with proven international appeal that has already generated billions in combined film revenue, over the past ten years.  If a true story, a chain of title secured along with life rights to a cinematic account that has the potential to astound and capture the imagination of the world.   Any other potential rights and clearances issues will also have been ascertained and dealt with accordingly.
    7. Carefully determined sales projections (based on the performance of recent comparables no more than five years old) averaging over a 100% ROI, and verified by a major studio finance team, with their analysis showing an even higher global number than initial projections.
    8. An international bonding company willing to move forward with the completion bond and communicate directly with investors.
    9. Other private equity sources already lined up to invest. This further mitigates the investment exposure.  Investor PE may also be combined with a strategic alliance with a major studio to augment the resources needed for full funding. Further mitigation is also provided via shooting some, part or all of the film in a region providing a transferable and bankable location tax credit.
    10. A domestic distribution strategy which incorporates a team that can leverage veteran expertise and working relationships with the major theatrical chain decision-makers, and achieve a 2500+ screen platform release with a very reasonable P&A investment . Such a strategy must also be flexible to consider other arrangements.  International distribution is secured through a reputable and accredited IFTA sales agent, who will secure pre-sales to further mitigate an investor(s) exposure.
    11. A powerful potential to develop a branded media franchise that can result in sequels and ancillary market opportunities.
    12. Adheres to the “Conscious Filmmaker” elemental criteria that has been present in the vast majority of the two hundred top grossing films of all time.  Click here for more information.
      the-kings-speech
      The King’s Speech, winner of the 2011 Academy Award for Best Picture, was an independent film with a $15 million budget. It grossed nearly $431 million in worldwide box office ticket sales, and an additional $32 million in domestic DVD sales.
      (Source: http://www.the-numbers.com)
    Few films seeking financing can demonstrate an adherence to every item on the above checklist.   However, the more elements in place – obviously, the greater the risk mitigation.
    And, of all the criteria listed, there remains one that would be considered the “prime mover” – the one that must always be present, no matter what.  It is the foundational element of all successful motion pictures.  I am of course referring to the story and the script. The story must be great, and the screenplay execution must be just as compelling.  Every successful film begins with a narrative that has the potential to become a beloved movie that embeds itself within the collective international film culture.
    If you’re an investor or broker seeking to participate in that rare gem of an independent film project that fulfills all, or the vast majority of the above criteria, I am aware of at least one such project.
    Should you be interested in learning more, write me here: david@vision4media.com  – and I would be happy to share further information with you.
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  7.  

    Aloha~

    Project 36 is now combing the planet for 36 producer/auteurs from all around the world. Each of the 36 will speak a different language, come from a different country and come from a separate belief system.

    Job Description: 

    Auteur will work together on 36-member committee to set aesthetic and narrative parameters of the collective. He or she will work with production crews to create one movie conforming to these aesthetic and narrative parameters.

    Auteurs will also be active in raising funds for their film. Once the 36 committee members are assembled, we can combine forces to raise money together more effectively.

    Trailer:

    If you're interested in being one of these producer/auteurs, please send a 2-3 minute trailer of a story you think is fit for the collection. The function of this trailer is to showcase the auteur's visual style - it may or may not be developed later into a feature. Auteurs are encouraged to let loose and present a visual style which is apart from the norm - the more avant-garde, the better. 

    All formats are acceptable. Trailers will be assessed on the quality of the ideas of the auteur, the quality of the story, and the originality of visual style. Also, because diversity is emphasized greatly in this project, pieces depicting more obscure cultures and peoples will be more likely to be selected.

    Please take into consideration the ideas represented in this blog, but most of all.. ENTICE.

    QC Criteria:

    Project 36 aims to present a "best of the best" of the world's beauty. Fresh, yet classical stories that reflect modern themes and issues. Breath-taking landscapes. Beautiful costumes. Colorful celebration of culture including food, dance and parties. Beautiful actors and actresses. Beautiful music (used diegetically.) Make 'em laugh. Make 'em cry.

    If I was hungry and I'd buy a sandwich rather than see this movie - IT WILL NOT BE CHOSEN!

    Due date: December 31st, 2013

    Send submissions to: trailer36@yahoo.com

    Mahalo for your time,

    Jeff Baumann
    Founder 36
    christmasmudkip@yahoo.com








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  8.  

    2013: Assembly of 36 Producer/Auteur Committee

    2014: Fundraising campaigns begin, critiquing and visual style discussions + stories pitched within committee

    2015: Screenplays secured, begin pre-production, casting

    2016: Production begins

    2017: Post-production begins

    2018: Deadline for completed films

    2019: Global marketing campaign

    2020: Global release



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    For 36 days straight, we’ll be exploring the famous36 Dramatic Situations by examining a film that exemplifies each one. From family killing family to prisoners in need of asylum, we brush off the 19th century list in order to remember that it’s still incredibly relevant today.
    Whether you’re seeking a degree in Literature, love movies, or just love seeing things explode, our feature should have something for everyone. If it doesn’t, please don’t make us stare longingly at Maggie Cheung without being able to do something about it.
    Part 28 of the 36-part series takes a look at “Adultery” with Wong Kar-Wai’s In the Mood for Love.
    The Synopsis
    Set in 1962, Tony Leung and Maggie Cheung play Chow Mo-Wan and So Lai-zhen, neighbors who move next to one another in a Hong Kong apartment complex on the same day. They each have spouses who spend a great deal of time away with overtime shifts, thus they begin to get suspicious and eventually conclude that their spouses are seeing each other. Instead of confronting their spouses, they instead develop an unlikely friendship and begin to work together in a private apartment of their own. Even though they grow close and eventually admit feelings for one another, they keep their relationship strictly platonic so as not to “sink” to the level of their respective spouses.
    The Situation
    “Adultery” is a frequently explored dramatic situation in cinema, and is often the catalyst for thrillers and stories of vengeance (like the films of Adrian Lyne), or contemplative meditations on morality and social expectations (like the films of Eric Rohmer). Several films already discussed in this series (like Match Point) may use Adultery amongst a combination of several different dramatic situations. “Adultery” involves a “Deceived Husband or Wife” and “Two Adulterers.” What is so unique about In the Mood for Love’s use of this otherwise familiar situation is its unconventional approach to the subject matter, instead focusing on both individuals who have been deceived and the rare and unique bond they developed from the infidelity.
    The Film
    In the Mood for Love is a slow and quiet film. It’s concerned with details of the period and the social structure of early 1960s Hong Kong. It’s not a film engaged with high drama, which is something that characterizes most manifestations of this situation. There’s no dramatic confrontation with the cheating wife or husband, no crying and asking what could have been done to prevent this, no spying or setting up traps to catch the adulterer in the act, and no using of the situation of adultery as an excuse for the deceived to cheat as well. The film is concerned with subtle details (from the period dresses of Cheung to the quiet hallways and restaurants of this decade in Hong Kong to – especially – the delicate expressions of longing that each character feels for one another, refusing to give too much away), and it is through the accumulation of these details that the movie becomes profound in a way that perhaps no other film which uses this situation becomes. It’s the type of film that must really be watched, not merely looked at.
    The “relationship” between the two lead characters is sold by the convincing performances of Leung and Cheung. Combined with the period set design and elegant (but never showy) costuming alongside Christopher Doyle’s predictably beautiful cinematography, Leung and Cheung are able to make you forget their movie star personas and really believe in the depth of a romance that never sees consummation. In the Mood for Love is so thoroughly enveloping in its deliberately-paced mood piece of a time and a place (it takes place in the 60s and never “the 60s”) that it can become something of an immersive experience; the small details in of themselves become heavier and more affecting than any major (i.e., contrived) dramatic development.
    Wong Kar-Wai, ever the improvisatory filmmaker, allegedly shot some footage where the affair between Chow and So becomes real, but then decided against it later in production to tell a quite different story. We’re all the better for it, for in this decision Wong discovered that there are incredible depths to be explored (albeit quite sad ones) in a bond between the deceived rather than making themselves fellow adulterers. As a result, it makes us long as the characters long for a relationship that really could never have been.
    Bonus Examples: The Graduate, Belle de Jour, American Beauty
    Supplication – The Most Dangerous Game
    Deliverance – The Rescuers
    Crime Pursued By Vengeance – Death Wish
    Vengeance Taken For Kindred Upon Kindred – The Lion King
    Pursuit – Silence of the Lambs
    Disaster – Airplane!
    Falling Prey to Cruelty/Misfortune – Misery
    Revolt – Lucky Number Slevin
    Daring Enterprise – The Professionals
    Abduction – The Chaser
    The Enigma – Se7en
    Obtaining – There Will Be Blood
    Enmity of Kin – Once Were Warriors
    Rivalry of Kin – Grumpy Old Men
    Murderous Adultery – Match Point
    Madness – Grizzly Man
    Fatal Imprudence – The Fly
    Involuntary Crimes of Love – Oldboy
    Slaying of Kin Unrecognized – Halloween
    Self-sacrifice for an Ideal – Hunger
    Self-sacrifice for Kin – Harakiri
    All Sacrificed for Passion – A Single Man
    Necessity of Sacrificing Loved Ones – The Seventh Continent
    Rivalry of Superior vs Inferior – Toy Story
    Adultery – In the Mood For Love
    Crimes of Love – Dog Day Afternoon
    Discovery of the Dishonor of a Loved One – Festen
    Obstacles to Love – I Love You Phillip Morris
    An Enemy Loved – Underworld
    Ambition – Wall Street
    Conflict With a God – The Truman Show
    Mistaken Jealousy – My Best Friend’s Wedding
    Erroneous Judgment – The Contender
    Remorse – In Bruges
    Recovery of a Lost One – Gone Baby Gone
    Loss of Loved Ones – Dear Zachary
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  10.  

    The legend of the 36 righteous men

    Posted:   05/19/2012 01:22:01 PM PDT

    So why bother being good? In a world where stinkers often get away with all sorts of terrible things and good people often get it in the neck, one might wonder.
    For many faiths, there are the punishments and rewards of the afterlife to motivate us to be good on earth. But not everyone spends a lot of time pondering these future realms or even believing in them. So then, why bother to be good?

    But there is a wonderful old Hasidic legend that addresses this issue, with the suggestion that more might be at stake in this life than you think.
    According to a very old Jewish mystical tradition, at all times in history there are 36 righteous men who wander the earth unknown to everyone else, including one another. These are the Lamed-Vavnik, or the Tzadikim Nistarim.

    These men, who wander the earth unknown, are absolutely critical to the existence of the human race, because as long as they continue to exist, the anger of almighty God is held back from the earth for their sake. Even if the world were to become completely depraved, for the sake of these few righteous men, doom will not yet fall on this present world.

    The inspiration for this medieval idea certainly has its roots in the Bible. In Chapter 18 of the Book of Genesis, God descends to earth to visit Abraham, to inform the patriarch that his wife Sarah would bear a child in their old age. After this, the Lord announced that he intended to visit the city of Sodom because the outcry 
    against their sins was very great.
    Abraham interceded for the people of Sodom, asking the Almighty if he would not spare the city if only he found 50 righteous men there. The Lord agreed to this, whereupon Abraham argued God down to 45, and then 40, and then 30, and even down to 20 and then to 10.

    Abraham's debate with God is one of my favorite Bible stories, and it makes a gracious point - for the sake of the few God might spare the many.
    In Genesis, God will spare Sodom for the sake of 10. The number 10 is certainly a sacred one and there are many examples of groups of 10 in the Bible, beginning with the 10 sons of Jacob who went down into Egypt. But while the unknown worthy men of Sodom accounts for the principle of hidden righteous ones, where does the number 36 derive from?

    The origins of the legend maybe with Rabbi Shimon ben Yohai, who lived in the Holy Land in the second century A.D., who in a biblical commentary declared that if certain men were alive in his own day, God would certainly not destroy the world. In his list of urgently needed righteous types of men, Rabbi Shimon included himself and his son and various biblical worthies.

    A century later, Abbaye, one of the sages of the Talmud, added his comment to Rabbi Shimon by adding that at all times, "there are never less that 36 men who greet the Shekhinah," or the earthly presence of God.

    Abbaye based his judgment on Isaiah 30:18, which reads in part, "blessed are all those who wait for him." The words "for him" in Hebrew are also "lamed vav" or the digits for 36, and so the number became fixed. Modern scholars have suggested that the fact that ancient astrology believed that the sky, the courts of heaven, was traditionally divided into 36 sections of 10, giving us our modern 360 degrees of a circle, may have influenced the numbering for the Talmudic sages.

    In medieval Jewish mysticism, the 36 men came to be known as the Tzadikim Nistarim, or the "hidden righteous ones." Within the rich culture of the Hasidic Jews, this group began to be more and more defined. These secret people are righteous men whose actions are good and compassionate. They do not know that they are among the 36, and their humility is so great that were they to discover that they are indeed these righteous ones, they would cease to be them. Therefore any person who declared himself to be one of the hidden ones would certainly not be one. But God knows who they are and for their sake he spares the rest of us.

    The Hasidic Jews loved to attribute wonderful powers to the holiest of their rabbis, and so in some of the writings one finds disciples of great rabbis wondering of their master might be one of the 36. In Hasidic legend these men are scattered around the Diaspora, that is, the communities of Jews across the world.

    On occasion, one of the Tzadikim Nistarim will emerge from obscurity to save a Jewish community or some group of innocent people from disaster or persecution. But then he will always return to obscurity in the Jewish settlements again. These are, of course, ordinary men, not angels, who live and die as anyone else. When one of the hidden ones does die, his role is then passed unseen to another unknowing worthy character.

    There is a beautiful moral point to this legend, which many Jewish scholars have noted. Since we do not know exactly who these 36 righteous ones are among us, it certainly calls forth some moral points for everyone.

    First, we should all strive to be kind to all whom we meet, particularly the least among us, for one never knows if you may not be offering kindness to one of the very 36 on whom the survival of the world depends.

    Secondly, each person should strive at all times to conduct himself or herself with honesty and charity according to God's law, for who knows if you or I might not be one on whom the world depends?

    And finally, the legend suggests a reminder call to humility for all people, because it is not by my own cleverness, power, wit or wealth that the community depends, but on those who are morally more sincere than I.

    So let each of us be compassionate, humble and honest, because perhaps today you will walk by one of the Tzadikim Nistarim, on whom the world depends.

    Gregory Elder, a Redlands resident, is a professor of history and humanities at Moreno Valley College and a Roman Catholic priest. Write to him at Professing Faith, P.O. Box 8102, Redlands, CA 92375-1302, email him ataskfathergregory@verizon.net or follow him on Twitter at Fatherelder.
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  11.  






    A character in each story will be based on the folk legend of the Tzadikim Nistarim (36 hidden righteous ones.) They will be so humble that they are unaware of their status. Each will come from a different belief system. 

    All 36 stories will be divided equally with male and female protagonists. 

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  12.  


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    Goals and rules

    The goal of the Dogme collective is to purify filmmaking by refusing expensive and spectacular special effects, post-production modifications and other technical gimmicks. The filmmakers concentrate on the story and the actors' performances. They believe this approach may better engage the audience, as they are not alienated or distracted by overproduction. To this end, Lars von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg produced ten rules to which any Dogme film must conform. These rules, referred to as the "Vow of Chastity," are as follows:[1]
    1. Filming must be done on location. Props and sets must not be brought in. If a particular prop is necessary for the story, a location must be chosen where this prop is to be found.
    2. The sound must never be produced apart from the images or vice versa. Music must not be used unless it occurs within the scene being filmed, i.e., diegetic.
    3. The camera must be a hand-held camera. Any movement or immobility attainable in the hand is permitted. The film must not take place where the camera is standing; filming must take place where the action takes place.
    4. The film must be in colour. Special lighting is not acceptable (if there is too little light for exposure the scene must be cut or a single lamp be attached to the camera).
    5. Optical work and filters are forbidden.
    6. The film must not contain superficial action (murders, weapons, etc. must not occur.)
    7. Temporal and geographical alienation are forbidden (that is to say that the film takes place here and now).
    8. Genre movies are not acceptable.
    9. The film format must be Academy 35 mm.
    10. The director must not be credited.
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  14.  

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia


    The Tzadikim Nistarim (Hebrew: ‫צַדִיקִים נִסתָּרים, hidden righteous ones) or Lamed Vav Tzadikim (Hebrew: ‫ל"ו צַדִיקִים, 36 righteous ones), often abbreviated to Lamed Vav(niks),[a] refers to 36 Righteous people, a notion rooted within the more mystical dimensions of Judaism. The singular form is Tzadik Nistar (Hebrew: ‫צַדִיק נִסתָר).

    Origins

    The source is the Talmud itself, explained as follows:

    As a mystical concept, the number 36 is even more intriguing. It is said that at all times there are 36 special people in the world, and that were it not for them, all of them, if even one of them was missing, the world would come to an end. The two Hebrew letters for 36 are the lamed, which is 30, and the vav, which is 6. Therefore, these 36 are referred to as the Lamed-Vav Tzadikim. This widely-held belief, this most unusual Jewish concept is based on a Talmudic statement to the effect that in every generation 36 righteous "greet the Shechinah," the Divine Presence (Tractate Sanhedrin 97b; Tractate Sukkah 45b).

    Their purpose

    Mystical Hasidic Judaism as well as other segments of Judaism believe that there exist 36 righteous people whose role in life is to justify the purpose of humankind in the eyes of God. Jewish tradition holds that their identities are unknown to each other and that, if one of them comes to a realization of their true purpose then they may die and their role is immediately assumed by another person:

    The Lamed-Vav Tzaddikim are also called the Nistarim ("concealed ones"). In our folk tales, they emerge from their self-imposed concealment and, by the mystic powers, which they possess, they succeed in averting the threatened disasters of a people persecuted by the enemies that surround them. They return to their anonymity as soon as their task is accomplished, 'concealing' themselves once again in a Jewish community wherein they are relatively unknown. The lamed-vavniks, scattered as they are throughout the Diaspora, have no acquaintance with one another. On very rare occasions, one of them is 'discovered' by accident, in which case the secret of their identity must not be disclosed. The lamed-vavniks do not themselves know that they are ones of the 36. In fact, tradition has it that should a person claim to be one of the 36, that is proof positive that they are certainly not one. Since the 36 are each exemplars of anavah, ("humility"), having such a virtue would preclude against one’s self-proclamation of being among the special righteous. The 36 are simply too humble to believe that they are one of the 36.

    Lamedvavniks

    Lamedvavnik is the Yiddish term for one of the 36 humble righteous ones or Tzadikim mentioned in kabbalah or Jewish mysticism. According to this teaching, at any given time there are at least 36 holy persons in the world who are Tzadikim. These holy people are hidden; i.e., nobody knows who they are. According to some versions of the story, they themselves may not know who they are. For the sake of these 36 hidden saints, God preserves the world even if the rest of humanity has degenerated to the level of total barbarism. This is similar to the story of Sodom and Gomorrah in the Hebrew Bible, where God told Abraham that he would spare the city of Sodom if there was a quorum of at least 10 righteous men. Since nobody knows who the Lamedvavniks are, not even themselves, every Jew should act as if he or she might be one of them; i.e., lead a holy and humble life and pray for the sake of fellow human beings. It is also said that one of these 36 could potentially be the Jewish Messiah if the world is ready for them to reveal themselves. Otherwise, they live and die as an ordinary person. Whether the person knows they are the potential Messiah is debated.

    The term lamedvavnik is derived from the Hebrew letters Lamed (L) and Vav (V), whose numerical value adds up to 36. The "nik" at the end is a Russian or Yiddish suffix indicating "a person who..." (As in "Beatnik"; in English, this would be something like calling them "The Thirty-Sixers".) The number 36 is twice 18. In gematria (a form of Jewishnumerology), the number 18 stands for "life", because the Hebrew letters that spell chai, meaning "living", add up to 18. Because 36 = 2×18, it represents "two lives".

    In some Hasidic stories, disciples consider their Rebbes and other religious figures to be among the Lamedvavniks. It is also possible for a Lamedvavnik to reveal themselves as such, although that rarely happens—a Lamedvavnik's status as an exemplar of humility would preclude it. More often, it is the disciples who speculate.

    These beliefs are articulated in the works of Max Brod, and some (like Jorge Luis Borges) believe the concept to have originated in the Book of Genesis 18:26:

    And the Lord said, If I find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will spare all the place for their sakes.
    — Gen 18:26

    It is said, that the assumed founder of the Jewish Hassidic Movement, Israel Ben Eliezer, known as the Baal Shem Tov, studied with a secret society of Jewish mystics, the Nestarim or Nistarim, and he eventually became a revered rabbi.

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  15. Ok I meditated on it for a few... Diego Rivera is my favorite painter. In his early years, he experimented with all the genres of the time: trompe floi photo realism, impressionism, surrealism... mastered all of them. Then he decided to focus the bulk of his career on a comparatively simpler style - folk art. His murals told stories to people who couldn't read. The characters were from all walks of life, from all the world's people at points throughout history.

    That's how I want these to be told. National Geographic narratives. Cinema Verite. Hemingway. Anthropologic even.

    I want this to be a factory like Motown. The same rhythm section played on ALL the hit records. More gold records between them than Elvis and the Beatles combined. I want the signature style to be simple, yet unique. The extraordinarily beautiful cinematography of National Geographic being the draw, maybe dashes.. traces of Kubrick, Fellini, Dali, Jodorowski, Lynch etc. Each movie should vary in style to another as much as one Motown song does to another - no more, no less.
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    The city of Sao Paolo, Brazil, shot with a fisheye lens. Standards of living are improving not just in the big developing nations like Brazil, but also in smaller countries such as Bangladesh and Ghana.Enlarge image
    The city of Sao Paolo, Brazil, shot with a fisheye lens. Standards of living are improving not just in the big developing nations like Brazil, but also in smaller countries such as Bangladesh and Ghana.
    Daniel Incandela/Flickr via Wikimedia Commons
    "The meek shall inherit the earth" — that seems to be the latest message from the United Nations Development Program.
    Their 2013 Human Development Report chronicles the recent, rapid expansion of the middle class in the developing world. It also predicts that over the next two decades growth in the so-called "Global South" will dramatically shift economic and political power away from Europe and North America.
    The report projects that by 2020 the combined gross domestic products of Brazil, China and India will exceed the entire output of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Great Britain and the U.S. put together.
    "Much of this expansion is being driven by new trade and technology partnerships within the South itself," according to the report.
    And this is translating into more than just financial gains in the developing world. According to UNDP, every country surveyed — and just about every nation on earth was sampled — improved the health, education and income of its citizens over the last decade.
    Bill Orme, a spokesman for UNDP, says the report finds that economic growth and human growth are inextricably linked. He says government investment in key social sectors is crucial in moving nations forward.
    "Even if your only goal is to boost your economic output, what you need to do is invest in your people," ," Orme says. "You need to invest in education ... health ... governance structures that allow people to affect their lives on the community, local and national level. And if you do all those things right, economic progress will follow."
    The other key factor for nations trying to get ahead in the 21st century is globalization.
    "This report shows that engagement with the world economy is good for you," Orme says. "That is to say that countries that have the most interaction with global trade have better standards of living for their people."
    Standards of living are improving not just in the big developing nations — Brazil, China, India for example — but also in smaller countries such as Bangladesh, Chile, Ghana, Mauritius, Tunisia and Rwanda.
    The report projects that over the next two decades the size of the middle class will increase modestly in North America and it will actually go down in Europe. But it will boom in Asia from 525 million to 3.2 billion people.
    Brookings data
    Brookings Institution
    The analysis looks at a variety of factors that contribute to economic and human growth.
    And one of the things that has had the greatest impact on kids' health is the educational level of their mothers.
    "If you were going to identify one single factor," Orme says, "... that would almost guarantee that your country will do better 10 years, 20 years, 30 years down the road ... invest in girls and women's education and ensure that they have equal opportunities. All kinds of good things come from that."
    Coming just a day after the Catholic Church looked to Latin America for the new pope, this report also underscores that the global center of gravity is shifting away from the traditional powerbases of Europe and North America.
    Blaire Ruble, the director of the global sustainability program at the Woodrow Wilson Center in Washington, D.C., who was not involved in the report, agrees there's a global power shift taking place.
    "Like all such grand processes it is not linear," Ruble says. "There are lots of contradictions but players in the 'Global South' now have a role on the world scene that they didn't have a quarter of a century ago. And this is very exciting because they do see the world differently."
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    The target audience for Project 36 are those born around the year 2000 all around the world - particularly artists and the intelligentsia. The project will serve as an anthropological document of the people of this age group released as they enter their 20's - on January 1st, 2020.

    The cannon will provide an awareness of the similarities and differences of many cultures as well as provide an awareness of global issues such as poverty, the global economy, biotechnology, the environment and human rights. The cannon will also focus on education in the 21st century and draw extensively from an array of disciplines - the arts, the sciences, technology and history - and will explore what it means to be a Renaissance person in the 21st century.



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  19.  

    Project 36 seeks to address the biggest problems we face in the 21st century:
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    The rankings below were published in the United Nation's 2010 Human Development Report and reflect the countries with the lowest human development.
    1. Zimbabwe
    22. Tanzania (United Republic of)
    2. Congo (Democratic Republic of the)
    23. Djibouti
    3. Niger
    24. Angola
    4. Burundi
    25. Haiti
    5. Mozambique
    26. Senegal
    6. Guinea-Bissau
    27. Uganda
    7. Chad
    28. Nigeria
    8. Liberia
    29. Lesotho
    9. Burkina Faso
    30. Comoros
    10. Mali
    31. Togo
    11. Central African Republic
    32. Nepal
    12. Sierra Leone
    33. Papua New Guinea
    13. Ethiopia
    34. Mauritania
    14. Guinea
    35. Madagascar
    15. Afghanistan
    36. Benin
    16. Sudan
    37. Yemen
    17. Malawi
    38. Myanmar
    18. Rwanda
    39. Cameroon
    19. Gambia
    40. Ghana
    20. Zambia
    41. Bangladesh
    21. Côte d'lvoire
    42. Kenya

    Trends among the world's poorest countries

    Since 1970, there has been encouraging news emerging from developing countries. According to the UN's 2010 Human Development Report, life expectancy in developing countries has increased from 59 years in 1970 to 70 years in 2010. School enrollment climbed from 55% to 70% of all primary and secondary school-age children. Also, in the last forty years, per capita GDP doubled to more than ten thousand U.S. dollars.
    The World's average Human Development Index (HDI), which combines information on life expectancy, schooling and income, has increased 19% since 1990 (and 41% since 1970). This reflects large improvements in life expectancy, school enrollment, literacy, and income. Almost every country has benefited from this progress. Only three countries have a lower HDI in 2010 than in 1970. Those three countries are Zimbabwe, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Poor countries are catching up with the wealthier countries, but not all countries made fast progress. For example, the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have progressed slowly, largely due to the HIV epidemic. Countries in the former Soviet Union have been held back by an increase in adult mortality.
    To illustrate the income inequality between rich and poor countries, consider these facts: about 1.75 billion people live in multi-dimensional poverty, meaning extreme deprivation in education, health, and standard of living; 1.44 billion people out of the developing world's 6.9 billion people live on $1.25 per day; 2.6 billion people are estimated to be living on less than $2 a day. Multidimensional poverty varies by region from three percent in Europe and Central Asia to 65% in Sub-Saharan Africa.


    Read more: World's Poorest Countries — Infoplease.com http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0908763.html#ixzz2Kf3qNRTN

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